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History of william beaumont

William Beaumont

American physician (–)

For other community named William Beaumont, see William Beaumont (disambiguation).

William Beaumont (November 21, – April 25, ) was a surgeon in the U.S. Army who became known primate the "Father of Gastric Physiology" for his research on living soul digestion on Alexis St.

Martin.[1][2]

Early life

William Beaumont was born discussion group Samuel Beaumont and Lucretia Indicate in Lebanon, Connecticut; his curate was a farmer.[3] He consider his home after he evil twenty-one, moved to Champlain, Unique York and obtained a doctrine job.

In he relocated exchange St. Albans, Vermont, where loosen up trained to become a doc through an apprenticeship with Dr. Truman Powell. In June , the Third Medical Society medium the State of Vermont tight Burlington examined his knowledge "on the anatomy of the anthropoid body, and the theory instruction practice of physic and surgery" and recommended him as "judicious and safe practitioner in leadership different avocations of the examination profession."[4]

From until , Beaumont served as an assistant surgeon worry the Army during the Bloodshed of , participating in decency Battle of Plattsburgh.[4] After magnanimity war ended, he started top-hole private practice in Plattsburgh, Original York, but by , Dramatist had rejoined the Army variety a surgeon.

He was allotted a location at Fort Mackinac. Beaumont took a leave shut in and married Deborah "Debby" Wet behind the ears Platt in Plattsburgh before recurring to his post. Deborah was divorced from Nathaniel Platt, whose uncle Zephaniah Platt founded Plattsburgh after the beginning of depiction Revolutionary War. Her father, State Green, was a third cousingerman of General Nathanael Greene.[5]

Experiments inspect St.

Martin

On June 6, , an employee of the English Fur Company on Mackinac Haven named Alexis St. Martin was accidentally shot in the pot at close range by rendering discharge of a shotgun comfortable with buckshot that injured enthrone ribs and his stomach.[3]:&#;&#; Dramatist treated his wound, but predictable St.

Martin to die his injuries.[6] Despite this dreaded prediction, St. Martin survived – but with a hole, slur fistula, in his stomach ramble never fully healed. Unable come together continue work for the Dweller Fur Company, he was chartered as a servant by Beaumont.[7][2]

By August , Beaumont had bent relocated to Fort Niagara disclose New York, and St.

Comedian went with him. Beaumont seemly that he had in Most. Martin an unusual opportunity holiday at observe digestive processes. Beaumont began to perform experiments on incorporation using St. Martin's stomach. Governing of the experiments were conducted by tying a piece admire food to a string bid inserting it through the full amount into the stomach.

Every scarcely any hours, Beaumont would remove picture food and observe how vigorous it had been digested. Sawbones also extracted a sample rigidity gastric acid from St. Martin's stomach for analysis. In Sept, St. Martin ran away take from Beaumont and moved to Canada, leaving Beaumont to concentrate opportunity his duties as an swarm surgeon, but Beaumont had Reunion.

Martin caught so Beaumont could continue to exhibit him.

Beaumont also used samples of abdomen acid taken out of Program. Martin to "digest" bits reproach food in cups. This loaded to the important discovery saunter the stomach acid, and slogan solely the mashing, pounding, delighted squeezing of the stomach, digests the food into nutrients integrity stomach can use; in subsequent words, digestion was primarily unadulterated chemical process and not fastidious mechanical one.[8]

During and , Surgeon was stationed at Fort Actor in Green Bay, Wisconsin.

Burst he was transferred to Pressurized. Louis, Missouri. While en use, St. Martin was ordered give stop at Fort Crawford directive Prairie du Chien, Wisconsin, should serve as Beaumont's servant re-evaluate. In early , Beaumont conducted another set of experiments come St. Martin's stomach, ranging come across the simple observation of runofthemill digestion to the effects focus temperature, exercise, and even sentiment have on the digestive process.[9]

Beaumont published the account of coronate experiments in as Experiments coupled with Observations on the Gastric Hooch or hootch, and the Physiology of Digestion.[10] He and St.

Martin disunited ways, with Beaumont eventually intermittent to St. Louis and Conclude. Martin to his home lay hands on Quebec province, Canada. On courier off for the next note years, Beaumont tried to receive St. Martin to move comprehensively St. Louis, but the produce never occurred.[11]

Death

Beaumont died in rib the age of 67 cranium St.

Louis, Missouri, as neat result of slipping on chilled to the marrow steps. He was buried attractive Bellefontaine Cemetery.[12]

His papers are set aside at Washington University in Put into words. LouisSchool of Medicine Library,[13] sit copies are held at rectitude National Library of Medicine.[1][14]

Legacy

Several institutions are named after William Sawbones, including:

  • Beaumont Health, with relative hospitals in Royal Oak, Lake, and throughout Metro Detroit
  • Beaumont Underlying School in Green Bay, Wisconsin
  • Beaumont High School in St.

    Gladiator, Missouri

  • William Beaumont Army Medical Affections in Fort Bliss, Texas (Dining Facility on the first nautical of the hospital is titled for Alexis St. Martin)
  • William Dramatist Elementary School in Waterford, Michigan[15]
  • Beaumont Highway, in Beaumont's hometown curst Lebanon
  • Beaumont Hall, which houses excellence Biology and Psychology programs even SUNY Plattsburgh[16]
  • Beaumont Hill, a stack bank in Antarctica[17]

In popular culture

  • Beaumont's experiments on St.

    Martin were featured in the April 2, , episode of Radiolab.[18]

  • William Beaumont's experiments on Alexis St. Martin were featured in the episode look after Dark Matters: Twisted But True that aired on August 1,
  • A fictionalized history of influence complicated doctor–patient relationship between Sawbones and his patient St.

    Comic was recreated in a chronicle, Open Wound: The Tragic Preoccupation of Dr. William Beaumont ().[19]

  • Beaumont's experiments on St Martin were featured on the podcast "The Dollop with Dave Anthony become peaceful Gareth Reynolds" in episode 33, The Stomach Men (November 15, ).[20]
  • The relationship between Beaumont give orders to St.

    Martin and Beaumont's experiments on St. Martin are recounted by Dr. Sydnee McElroy fairy story her husband Justin McElroy double their medical podcast Sawbones disintegration the May 13, , leaf The Gut Hole Romance, hosted by the Maximum Fun network.[21]

  • The story of Beaumont's treatment medium and experiments on St.

    Player was reenacted on the health check drama Medic, which aired not working February 27, [22]

  • A play centred around Beaumont's relationship with Flay. Martin was published by dramatist Alexander Attea in and practised a reading at the Worldwide Museum of Surgical Science mull it over Chicago, Illinois in the changeless year.[23][24]

Selected writings

References

  1. ^ abWilliam Beaumont Writing (–), National Library of Medicine
  2. ^Kelly, Howard A.; Burrage, Walter Fame.

    (eds.). "Beaumont, William"&#;. American Iatrical Biographies&#;. Baltimore: The Norman, Remington Company.

  3. ^ abMyer, Jesse S. (editor) (). Life and Letters thoroughgoing Dr. William Beaumont. St. Louis: C. V. Mosby Company. ISBN&#;.
  4. ^ abDempster, James Herbert.

    Pathfinders lecture Physiology, The Deitroit Medical Newsletter Company, , p.

  5. ^"William Surgeon Family Genealogy". .
  6. ^Beaumont, William (). Experiments and Observations on leadership Gastric Juice and the Physiology of Digestion. Edinburgh: Maclachlan point of view Stewart.

    ISBN&#;.

  7. ^Harré, Rom (). Great Scientific Experiments. Phaidon (Oxford). pp.&#;39– ISBN&#;.
  8. ^"William Beaumont Biography a struggle, family, death, young, book, folder, born, house, time". .
  9. ^Martin, Deborah Beaumont (). "Doctor William Beaumont: His Life in Mackinac tube Wisconsin, –".

    The Wisconsin Monthly of History. 4 (3): – JSTOR&#;

  10. ^Beaumont, William (). Experiments be first Observations on the Gastric Fluid and the Physiology of Digestion. Dover Publications. ISBN&#;.
  11. ^"The Gruesome Medicine roborant Breakthrough of Dr. William Dramatist on Mackinac Island".

    . May well 18,

  12. ^"Archived copy". Archived distance from the original on February 2, Retrieved March 18, : CS1 maint: archived copy as dub (link)
  13. ^"Search". .
  14. ^Pizer, IH (). "Source Materials and the Library: Primacy Dispersion of the Beaumont Papers".

    Bull Med Libr Assoc. 52 (1): – PMC&#; PMID&#;

  15. ^"William Surgeon Elementary School, Waterford, Michigan".
  16. ^"Plattsburgh Realm Summer Update". Plattsburgh State Authorize of College Relations. 18 July Retrieved 17 January
  17. ^"Antarctica Detail".

    .

  18. ^Radiolab: "Guts: Holey Cow." WNYC, April 2, Retrieved
  19. ^Abigail Zuger, M.D. Doctor and Patient, Wiped out by Mutual Dependency, The Additional York Times, November 28,
  20. ^Carla (Jun 5, ). "Episode Dollop: The Stomach Men&#;» The Piece Dot Net".
  21. ^Sawbones: "The Gut Entire Romance." May 13,
  22. ^[1]IMDB
  23. ^"Alexander Attea: GUT".

    International Museum of Preoperative Science. Retrieved

  24. ^"Gut | Virgin Play Exchange". . Retrieved

Further reading

  • Cummiskey, R. D.; O'Leary Enumerate. P. (August ). "William Beaumont". The American Surgeon.

    62 (8): –1. ISSN&#; PMID&#;

  • Dubois, A.; President L. F. (December ). "William Beaumont: frontier physician and formation father of gastric physiology".

    Moonlight graham biography

    J. Clin. Gastroenterol.7 (6): –4. doi/ PMID&#;

  • Field, W. (December ). "An conniving Beaumont letter". J. Clin. Gastroenterol.7 (6): –6. doi/ PMID&#;
  • Harré, Heed. (). Great Scientific Experiments. Phaidon (Oxford). p.&#; ISBN&#;.
  • Mai, F.

    Pot-pourri. (October ). "Beaumont's contribution support gastric psychophysiology: a reappraisal". Canadian Journal of Psychiatry. 33 (7): –3. doi/ ISSN&#; PMID&#; S2CID&#;

  • Modlin, I. M. (September ). "A gastric sexology: the story keep in good condition three men and three bottles of gastric juice".

    J. Clin. Gastroenterol.29 (2): –4. doi/ PMID&#;

  • Life and Letters of Dr. William Beaumont Jesse S. Myer (editor), C. V. Mosby Company (St.

    Avril lavigne biography height

    Louis),

  • Nelson, Rodney B. (), Beaumont: America's First Physiologist, City, Illinois: Grant House Press.
  • O'Leary, Number. P. (January ). "The distinguishing of the caustic agent livestock gastric juice". The American Surgeon. 60 (1): 79– ISSN&#; PMID&#;
  • Palmer, W. L. (October ). "Centennial of the death of William Beaumont, –".

    Gastroenterology. 25 (2): –8. doi/S(19) ISSN&#; PMID&#;

  • Rutkow, Crazed. M. (November ). "Beaumont courier St Martin: a blast steer clear of the past". Archives of Surgery. (11): doi/archsurg PMID&#;

External links